Card Types/Data Type

Could someone please let me know how I would know the difference in Card Types and Data Types to be used with each other. Like what type of card is a Bank Of America card, or a Wells Fargo card (ie: Lo-Co or Hi-Co) and how can I find out what Data type was used to make the card I want to clone (ie: ISO, AAMVA, CaDMV, User Type or Raw Data)? Any help would be greatly appriciated